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鋁合金問題

請問用在自行車上的鋁合金7005與6061那個好些,好在什么地方?謝謝: 問提問者：網(wǎng)友 | 2017-09-03

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7005 versus 6061 Aluminum You may have noticed that there are two types of aluminum listed in the specs for aluminum bikes; 7005 or 6061. Which is the stronger material? Your first answer may be 6061 because you see it on the more expensive bikes. 7005 aluminum is actually the stronger aluminum alloy. This begs the next question, which is the better material? 6061 is of course, or at least that is the opinion of most bike manufacturers. Why is it better? To see the differences one must take a look at the two materials and their properties. In the table below several different aluminum alloys are listed for comparison; 2014, 6061, and 7005. AlloyTrace MetalsTensile StrengthYield StrengthPercent ElongationHBNotes20144.5% Copper 0.8% Silicon 0.8% Manganese 0.5% Magnesium 27,000 psi14,000 psi18%452XXX series aluminum is primarily alloyed with copper.2014-T64.5% Copper 0.8% Silicon 0.8% Manganese 0.5% Magnesium 70,000 psi60,000 psi13%1352XXX series aluminum is primarily alloyed with copper.60611% Magnesium 0.6% Silicon 0.2% Chromium 0.3% Copper 18,000 psi8,000 psi25%306XXX series aluminum is primarily alloyed with magnesium and silicon.6061-T61% Magnesium 0.6% Silicon 0.2% Chromium 0.3% Copper 45,000 psi40,000 psi12%956XXX series aluminum is primarily alloyed with magnesium and silicon.7005-T64.5% Zinc 1.4% Magnesium 0.45% Manganese 0.13% Chromium 51,000 psi42,000 psi13%NA7XXX series aluminum is primarily alloyed with zinc.The tensile strength of the material is the amount of stress that it can take before complete failure, and the yield strength is the amount of stress before the material is permanently deformed (try jumping on an old frame until you bend it and you have exceeded the yield strength of the material). Percent elongation is the amount of deformation that the material undergoes before it breaks and the HB is a measure of the hardness. It should be noted that the ‘T6’ listed after the alloy is the heat treatment of the alloy. T6 refers to a solution treatment and artificial aging of the metal. All bike frames are heat treated even if the manufacturer does not list the T6 behind the grade of aluminum.From the chart you can see that 7005-T6 is slightly stronger than 6061-T6, but stronger than both of them is 2014-T6 and in fact there is another 7XXX series aluminum (7075) that is stronger as well. Why choose 7005 and 6061 then? Bike frames are not made out of solid aluminum, which is how the test samples for comparing material strengths are constructed. A bike frame is made up of tubing that is welded together: welding 7075 and 2014 are almost impossible feats that eliminate them as viable choices for making a bike. That leaves 7005 (a zinc alloy) and 6061 (a magnesium/silicon alloy). The difference between the two is that 7005, because of its high alloy content (over 6%), is harder to manipulate the material and to weld it. This means that with 6061 it is much easier to add strength adding tubing features like triple butting, ovalized tubing, and tapered walls that reduce the weight and improve the strength of the tubing.A final note to put this into perspective is to compare aluminum to the other frame materials. Aluminum is far weaker than both titanium and cro-mo steel, so why use it? Aluminum’s greatest advantage is that it is so light when compared to cro-mo steel and cheap when compared to titanium. This combination of features makes it the choice of material for making light, high-performance frames for a reasonable price.我試一下把重點挑出來：1．目前鋁合金車架普遍使用的材料是7005與6061兩種。2． 7000系列主要以鋅為主要合金，成分比例達到6％。6000系列主要以鎂和矽為主要合金，總成分比例較低。3．論強度的話7005較強，但只是稍微強一點，從表中可以看出來，yield strength（讓鋁材永久彎曲變形的力度）只比6061強一點。4．所有用作車架材料的鋁合金都經(jīng)過熱處理T6，5．但論整體來講，6061是較好的材料。由于7005含其他金屬比例高，所以焊接，處理都比較困難，尤其是7075（后兩個數(shù)字代表含合金比例）它的比例更高，所以一般是不能用作車架的材料。相比之下，6061由于含其他金屬比例較低，因此可以通過異型，各種處理來增加它的強度和減低它的風阻，甚至可以做到3次抽管來減低重量。6．雖然7005管購買價比較高，但整體來講6061的生產(chǎn)成本比較高，因為6061所經(jīng)過的熱處理和其他工序比較煩瑣復雜。因此6061的車架一般比較貴。也因此大多比較高端的車架（如TCR）也使用6061: 回答者：網(wǎng)友

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